Avengers: Infinity War (2018). Reviewed by Jason Husak

Zoe Saldana and Josh Brolin in Avengers: Infinity War (Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, 2018)

Before Disney acquired Marvel Entertainment in 2009, comic book and superhero movies looked very different. Comic book movies were more of a mixed bag of quality rather than a streamlined set of interconnected films. Whether it was the unanimously loved Spider-Man (Sam Raimi, 2002), the Oscar Award-nominated The Dark Knight (Christopher Nolan, 2008), or the horrendous X-Men Origins: Wolverine (Gavin Hood, 2009), comic book movies were filled with inconsistency. Nearly ten years after Iron Man (Jon Favreau, 2008), the first Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film, Marvel and Disney have done the impossible. No company has ever made eighteen consecutive interconnected films that have not only seen record-breaking economic success but are also loved by critics, comic book fans, and general moviegoers everywhere. From featuring characters as popular as Captain America to bringing obscure characters like Rocket Raccoon to the mainstream, Marvel and Disney have created an enterprise of serial-like entertainment that owns the cinema. Nearly ten years later and with eighteen connected films under its umbrella, the nineteenth MCU film Avengers: Infinity War released on April 27, 2018. With years of MCU characters and anticipation rivaling Star Wars: The Force Awakens (J.J. Abrams, 2015), Avengers: Infinity War is the biggest movie event of the generation–already, it’s the fastest film to make one billion dollars at the box office. Aside from its economic success, Avengers: Infinity War is a fantastic film that is incredibly fun, perfectly paced, and overall rewarding. Through its dark tone, sense of consequence, and unique character dynamics, Avengers: Infinity War is a well-balanced film that matches its astronomical anticipation with even more extraordinary entertainment. Continue reading

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Interview with Sherri Snyder, Author of Barbara La Marr: The Girl Who Was Too Beautiful for Hollywood. By Lily C. Frame

Barbara La Marr: The Girl Who Was Too Beautiful for Hollywood is a biography authored by the actress, writer, and model, Sherri Snyder. Snyder’s scholarly endeavors follow the overlooked and notorious American actress and screenwriter, Barbara La Marr, and encompass La Marr’s life from birth to death with a focus on her film career, from 1920 to 1926. The Film Foundation was established in 1990 by Martin Scorsese in hopes of preserving and restoring lost or damaged film. They assert that “[h]alf of all American films before 1950 and over 90% of films made before 1929 are lost forever” (“The Film Foundation”). Evidence supports this statistic because the majority of La Marr’s filmography remains unpreserved; 73% to be exact. With only 27% of La Marr’s filmography preserved today, Sherri Snyder faced challenges which stemmed from La Marr’s underwhelming presence in film and written history. Snyder prevailed, chronicling the first full-length profile of the Hollywood silent era’s most infamous femme fatales. Snyder participated in this interview with Film Matters via email in spring 2018.

Lily Frame: Tell us about Barbara La Marr: The Girl Who Was Too Beautiful for Hollywood.

Sherri Snyder: I wrote in the opening sentence of the book’s acknowledgments section, “It is said that life’s plans for us are often greater than those we dream ourselves.” I then wrote that this axiom has definitely proved true for me since Barbara La Marr entered my life. I had actually never heard of Barbara before my friend, Hollywood Forever tour guide, film historian, and author Karie Bible, emailed me one day in 2007, alerting me that she had passed my name along to the Pasadena Museum of History. Karie had been contacted by the museum and asked if she knew of an actress who could portray Barbara in a production called Channeling Hollywood, a joint venture between the museum and the Pasadena Playhouse. The producers were looking for an actress who could not only play Barbara, but also research and write her life story in monologue form. (Channeling Hollywood involved the life stories of five Hollywood notables connected to Pasadena; each actor’s self-authored monologue was interwoven to create the play. Since Barbara passed away in Altadena, California [a city slightly north of Pasadena], the producers, unable to resist her compelling story, included her in the show.) The day I received the voicemail message informing me that the director and producers had loved my audition, and that I had been chosen to play Barbara, was one of the happiest of my life. (I still have that message saved on my phone.)

What struck me most about Barbara and drew me into her story–aside from her career achievements and the tragedies and scandals that marked her turbulent life–was her indomitable strength. As I learned more about her, I was similarly moved by her kind, generous heart and free-spiritedness. She is, to me, much more than her demons and the calamities and heartbreak that befell her. As I wrote my Channeling Hollywood performance, I felt honored to be able to give Barbara a voice. By the time Donald Gallery (aka Marvin Carville La Marr), Barbara’s son and only child, attended the play’s final performance and asked me to author Barbara’s biography, I had truly fallen in love with her remarkable story.

Although cognizant of my writing ability from a young age, I never intended to use my skills to write a book; likewise aware of my passion for acting and performing, I always aspired to an acting career. Even so, after Donald Gallery requested that I fulfill his lifelong dream to have his mother’s biography written, I was unable to imagine doing anything else.

For the next ten years, I immersed myself in Barbara’s story, having the time of my life. I submitted a draft of my completed manuscript to the University Press of Kentucky and, in November 2017, my book, Barbara La Marr: The Girl Who Was Too Beautiful for Hollywood, was published.

Sadly, Donald passed away at age ninety-two in 2014, never having read the book in its entirety. He did, however, read several of the chapters pertaining to himself and Barbara. Only three years old when Barbara died, he had no memories of her. His wife told me that, after he read in my manuscript of Barbara’s deep love for him, he experienced a peace about Barbara and his relationship with her that he had never known. That and the absolute faith he placed in me meant the world to me. His wife later said that, right before his passing, he asked her to thank me for him when I finished the book. Yet I feel it is I who owe him a debt of thanks. Continue reading

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Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017). Reviewed by Jason Husak

Kevin Hart in Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (Columbia Pictures, 2017)

When first announced, Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle was a movie nobody wanted. Like the reboot of the all-female Ghostbusters (Paul Feig, 2016), Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle garnered equal hatred from both fans and critics alike. Whether it was due to the late Robin Williams passing in 2014 or the robust childhood nostalgia sparked by the original film, Jumanji (Joe Johnston, 1995) was one of those films that was better left untouched and persevered by the fond memories of the past. Releasing on December 20, 2017, twenty-two years after the original film, Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle ranked number one at the box office for three straight weeks. After its second week on the market, the film had overtaken Star Wars: The Last Jedi (Rian Johnson, 2017) and has earned a domestic total of approximately 400 million dollars on a 90-million-dollar budget. The film has also earned favorable reviews from critics and fans, currently holding a 76% critic score and an 89% audience score on Rotten Tomatoes. Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle is not only a surprising economic success, but it is simply a great, modernized, self-aware, progressive film that surpasses the original in every way. Continue reading

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mother! (2017). Reviewed by Niko Pajkovic

mother! (Paramount Pictures, 2017)

Darren Aronofsky’s mother! (2017) is not necessarily an enjoyable film to watch. It is like experiencing a bizarre psychedelic trip gone horribly wrong; one, which only days later, you are able to find meaning in. It is manic, disturbing, and psychologically taxing from start to finish. However, largely due to these same reasons, it is also irresistibly captivating, thought-provoking, and, at the very least, ambitious in its cinematic goals. Continue reading

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Introduction: Videographic Essays (Issue 2, 2018). By Allison de Fren, Adam Hart, Christina Petersen, and Maurizio Viano

This is the second “videographic” edition of Film Matters (the first can be accessed at https://www.filmmattersmagazine.com/2017/03/17/introduction-videographic-essays-issue-1-2017-by-allison-de-fren-adam-charles-hart/). It features four undergraduate audiovisual essays that are each global in scope and varied in their interests. As in the previous edition, we attempted to choose videos that not only demonstrated critical rigor and insight, but also took full advantage of the form. These videos all engage strikingly with the visual: they are stylish and compelling, but they are also all concerned with teaching their viewers how to watch movies. They use video to explore images for meaning, and they show us how to do so as well

In “Framing Time: Tsai Ming-liang’s What Time Is It There?,” Catrina Sun-Tan (Wellesley College) shows how the Taiwanese master’s transcendental conception of time is expressed not only through long-durational sequence shots, but also within the mise-en-scène. In “Gendered Resistance and Composition in the Film Timbuktu,” Alyne Figueiredo Gonçalves (Middlebury College) examines in impressive detail the positioning of female characters in moments of resistance, as well as how director Abderrahmane Sissako inscribes notions of polital resistance into his filmic compositions. Both scholars not only show us how space and time are used within the films they examine, but they also draw out the subtle meanings within larger stylistic choices.

Spencer Slovic (Stanford University) is also concerned with “slow cinema,” arguing that auteurs like Apichatpong Weerasethakul and Jia Zhang-ke are the creative heirs of the Italian neorealists, and that they offer a resistant alternative to the maximalist style of mainstream film. Slovic moreover focuses on the ethics of slow cinema, presenting events without imposing judgment or interpretation.

Finally, “Perpetuating the Witch-Hunt: Animals and Female Power in Film,” by Hillia Aho (Occidental College), examines representations of female power through a history of witches in the movies. Aho focuses on employment of animal imagery to dissect a variety of films’ sexist assumptions about their powerful female characters, before analyzing in greater detail the box office hit Maleficent (2014) and the critically respected art house horror film The Witch (2015).

The call for submissions for future issues of Film Matters’ videographic edition will be posted to the website soon!

Contents

Framing Time: Tsai Ming-liang’s What Time Is It There? (Catrina Sun-Tan, Wellesley College)

Gendered Resistance and Composition in the Film Timbuktu (Alyne Figueiredo Gonçalves, Middlebury College)

Slowness and Slow Cinema (Spencer Slovic, Stanford University)

Perpetuating the Witch-Hunt: Animals and Female Power in Film (Hillia Aho, Occidental College)

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Framing Time: Tsai Ming-liang’s What Time Is It There?. By Catrina Sun-Tan

Framing Time: Tsai Ming Liang’s What Time Is It There? (2001) from Catrina Sun-Tan on Vimeo.

Framing Time: Tsai Ming-liang’s What Time Is It There?
Catrina Sun-Tan, Wellesley College

Tsai Ming-liang’s style is not for everyone — the first time I watched What Time Is It There? (2001), I realized that this is one of the slowest films I have ever seen. With only 103 shots in a span of 116 minutes, Tsai’s film can feel like pure torture. But, even though What Time is void of fast-paced, fast-cut action, I found myself so emotionally drawn to this picture from the first shot (which is four minutes long) to the last. The camera would linger on just one action — the mother making dinner, the son selling watches, the woman sitting in a Parisian cafe — and yet, I felt inevitable despair and heartbreak over the ordinary lives of three characters. These emotions made me question why the lingering, the “slowness,” and the title of the film are so significant. This essay’s introduction, which oscillates between silence and noise, slowly transitions from voiceover to onscreen text as it progresses to the main body of work. Continue reading

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Gendered Resistance and Composition in the Film Timbuktu. By Alyne Figueiredo Gonçalves

Gendered Resistance and Composition in the Film Timbuktu
Alyne Figueiredo Gonçalves, Middlebury College

Timbuktu is a gorgeous movie, and when I was investigating the use of composition in it, I naively, almost naturally, started focusing on the shots that were the most visually poignant, the most aesthetically pleasing. Something that Roger Deakins said (quoted in “Cinematography in Storytelling,” the video essay that I am “responding” to, or rather, contributing to) came to my mind and completely rerouted my investigation: “there is good cinematography, bad cinematography and cinematography that is right for the movie.” Often, “when reviewers don’t mention [a cinematographer’s] work it is probably better than if they do.” I understood by his words that good or meaningful cinematography is or can be seamless; it does not need to feel like an entity in itself and can blend with the story, with the tone of the scene. So I started looking for poignant scenes, instead of poignantly beautiful moments. Those were scenes that had something to add to the larger message that the director was trying to convey with his movie. It jumped to my attention that women played an important role in Timbuktu and that most of those poignant scenes had women in them, even though they were barely in any positions of power. In spite of that, I felt that they were powerful and they were the characters that I admire the most, and, dare I extrapolate, the audience is invited to admire or connect with the most. It is the merging of these two trains of thought that allowed me to make the connections that I explore in this video essay, where I seek to argue and show that through composition Sissako tells a story of resistance, that is, a reclaiming of power, by the female characters specifically. Continue reading

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Slowness and Slow Cinema. By Spencer Slovic

Slowness and Slow Cinema from Spencer Slovic on Vimeo.

Slowness and Slow Cinema
Spencer Slovic, Stanford University

Writing on “slow cinema” often focuses on two poles of pacing in film: the fast-cutting, intensified continuity of twenty-first-century Hollywood, and the glacial, almost static pace of films like Andy Warhol’s Empire (1964) and Chantal Akerman’s Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles (1980). Renowned slow Taiwanese director Tsai Ming-liang “retired” from filmmaking after his 2013 film Stray Dogs because he had reached the supposed culmination of his slow-paced aesthetic. Stray Dogs ends in a fourteen-minute shot where neither the camera nor the two main characters move for the first eleven minutes. While the director’s previous works were also very slow, none was quite like this. Continue reading

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Perpetuating the Witch-Hunt: Animals and Female Power in Film. By Hillia Aho

Perpetuating the Witch-Hunt: Animals and Female Power in Film from Hillia Aho on Vimeo.

Perpetuating the Witch-Hunt: Animals and Female Power in Film
Hillia Aho, Occidental College

I created this video essay as an honors project, to accompany my senior comprehensives film at Occidental College. My film featured a gentle old spinster as the only onscreen character, a sort of subtle witch. It was important to me to write her as a witch, so my film would be a departure from the evil or at least grumpy film spinster archetype. I’ve been interested in witch history since taking a feminism class during my junior year of college. We read Silvia Federici’s Caliban and the Witch, about the trials in Europe and how the transition to capitalism in England fed into the misogyny of the time period. The oppression of women’s autonomy, sexuality, and power is still very much a part of society and can be seen reflected in media, hidden in plain sight in the commonly occurring evil witch character. So, I was drawn to looking at witches in film, and examining how historical folklore and persecution of witchcraft are filtered through contemporary film witches. Continue reading

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Night and Fog (1955). Reviewed by Film Matters Spring 2018 Editorial Board


Night and Fog Feview from Liza Palmer

Contributors: Noah Campagna, J. Felix Carlson, Joseph Day, Alexis Dickerson, Lily C. Frame, Sean Froeb, Paige Marsicano, Andrew P. Nielsen, Ashley R. Pickett, J. Javier Ramirez, Ashley R. Spillane, William P. Sullivan, and Ryan Wentz.

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